How does a hybrid collector?
The sun has a diverse spectrum of light with different wavelengths. To use solar energy fully, the wavelength to 700 nm (visible spectrum) of the photovoltaic cells used for the current. The wavelength of 700 nanometers (not visible spectrum) is therefore used for solar energy for hot water.
The hybrid collector comes from a relatively small area. Current collector amount for a single-family house approx 30m2 (15 for the hybrid collector brings the same performance with only about 20 m2. The system looks at first glance like a normal solar collector. Beneath the surface of silicon elements are appropriate to the will refer to as "wafers". They produce a solar power plant in the electric current. But while the wafer in a conventional solar module very close together, they are the hybrid collector mounted at some distance. Therefore, they cover only half of the collector surface. The second level is a heat absorber. The absorber is made of copper tubing that is connected by a metal foil (dark) and in which circulates a special liquid. The liquid is heated by the sun and can be used for heating. Although the sun does not reach the whole absorber area, because half is covered with silicon panels, the plant produces enough heat. The silicon elements that heat up by the sun rays also give off some heat from the absorber. This creates another benefit: the heating system is more heat available and the heated solar cells are cooled, which seems to improvements in electricity production führt.Die whole thing at first glance not very special because it is the combination actually already exists. The difference is simply that the whole system does not occur in separate form, but as a single Prinziep, which gives the requirements of an independent example of the nuclear system.
What is a collector?
A collector is the visible part of a solar system. It is usually located on a roof and has an area of several square meters. An important Part of the collector is the so-called absorber. A collector is often composed of several elements. An element consists of a frame, with the absorber tube system and a cover made of safety glass to protect the absorber from the elements.
What is a wafer?
The wafer is a thin slice of semiconductor material (eg silicon). Wafers are used as base material for the manufacture of computer chips and solar cells. The crystalline wafers are cut into the rule of semiconductor blocks and are 0.2 to 0.3 millimeters thick.
The bearings including solar thermal, leads the heat from the collector and cools the photovoltaic wafer.
The layer of air between the two systems serves as an insulator. Here that the closed system of air space to use the property as an excellent insulating layer.
efficiency of power generation
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Electricity generation lost with increasing temperature of the cells in effectiveness
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depending on the type of solar cell loss is 0.33% to 0.50% per degree of heating
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The Acts as a solar thermal collector in the cooling, heating stops and increases the effectiveness
What is solar thermal?
The solar thermal energy of solar radiation is utilized. heated at the passive use in architecture, the sun directly without technical equipment, a building, for example, by appropriately oriented windows or through a transparent insulation where can penetrate the sunlight, the outermost layer of insulation and so heats the underlying wall. From active use one speaks, if appropriately designed to collect solar heat absorber areas and this is transported through a medium such as a heat store. In the budget the sun's heat is used mainly for heating water and the air or using the premises. A typical application is the solar collector. Solar thermal applications are more efficient, more is absorbed from the sun and the less of the heat by radiation, heat conduction or heat transfer is lost.
What is photovoltaics?
Photovoltaics is the direct conversion of radiant energy (solar energy) into electrical energy. The PV was used for powering satellites in space using solar cells in use. In modern times it is used for power generation around the world and applies to roofs, walls for sound insulation or in open areas. Photovoltaics is considered part of the field of solar technology that also include other technical uses of solar energy.
The advantages of the Hybrid collector
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production of electricity and heat in a collector
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cooling of the photovoltaic means of heat dissipation by the solar
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Active snow protection defrost
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The system requires less space and installation costs
The disadvantages of the hybrid collector
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short term, high investment costs
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Does not, or not appealing from
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It has no long-term experience (since 2008 on the market)
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weather dependent
Conclusion
The possibility of a single system to generate heat and electricity can I find exemplary. If you look at other alternative energy suppliers, such as wind turbines, the only pure as power generators can be used, the hybrid collector technology as a future-oriented system to . Consider The fact is completely independent of the usual electricity and heat suppliers are impressive and a step to make it worthwhile. As for the aesthetics will change hopefully for some. I believe that many builders and architects in particular some of the look effortless. We will see what the future holds.
Sources:
http://www.solaranlagen-portal.de/
HSZ-T School of Technology Zurich Window when the residents do not know how the optimal use of the
lighting, shading, heating, ventilation or
works.
is a so-called system of home automation technology to learn. For about three years, it is such a system from ad hoc to the Swiss market. Similar systems but also from Siemens. goal of this system:
- energy saving
When unused rooms too hot or heated window leaves open the shutters up at night or you can light on unnecessarily, then a lot of energy is wasted. This is where the home automation system and ensures that energy is used at the right time really. The automation system controls the building equipment and automated
neighbors. The system shows graphically how the readings run and where savings exist.
consists basically: -
control and regulation of plants with all the counting, time, and control functions
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to the periphery and communication level include
The Adhoco system consists of:
sensors
actuators actors take command against the control center and bring light to light up, rolling shutters and window moving
- The user can operate against the automatic system and thus act individually in exceptional cases. But it can also eischalten via Internet from the workplace as the oven and check the room temperature. Reports of unexpectedly open windows via SMS, e-mail or fax to receive in his absence.
The Central is a device that has a diameter of 13cm gerademal and facilities not only in houses making up the have a new, modern building technology. The Automation Center is also suitable for retrofitting existing plants. It is connected via a PoE Adapter (Power over Ethernet adapter) on the 230V mains. Ie via cable, the Internet and delivers the same current. The center is one
own energy consumption of 1 watt, which is very low.
Credit: www.adhoco.ch
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shading (shutters, venetian blinds, sun blinds)
- heating (radiators / floor heating with room thermostat)
- ventilation / motorized window
coordination -
energy-efficient operation thanks to predict the needs of residents and building behavior -
heating monitoring
- optimize the lighting conditions (artificial vote Light / shadow)
- presence Optimized ventilation
security -
presence simulation -
motion with intruder alarm function in the absence
- Critical Consumer
- detection of unusual behavior (eg accident)
communication -
remote (indoor) -
from external access via secure Internet connection
- sending system messages and alarm messages via SMS, e-mail or fax.
Monitoring
- Graphical representation of the measured value sequences
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Power saving display
4th Energy savings
round 25% of the thermal energy needs and 30 to 60% of the electricity needs for lighting can be saved by the manufacturer.
5th Conclusion and learning
If you want to achieve savings in electricity and heating costs, it would be most useful pre-energy total renovation. However, this can be costly. A cheap solution would be a complete pre-programmed automation system, as it offers Adhoc. The question is: would you do so much automatic in his apartment / house? The difference from the conventional to the adaptive system, the user still engage themselves and determine certain control rules even can. fact that this system offers more comfort, but also a proofreader and coffee for energy saving is, it is suitable for users who like want to actively help save energy. The device is simple to use and you need not to have much background knowledge.
www.energie.ch
Geokompakt, Issue no. 2, July 2008,
No Homeowner Edition 4 - March 1, 2008
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